Home and Industrial Safety Using Fire and Gas Detection System

 Home and Industrial Safety Using Fire and Gas Detection System

Nowadays, securing one’s property and business against fire is becoming more and more important. Monitoring commercial and residential areas all-round is an effective method to reduce personal and property losses due to fire disaster. Home fire detection is a matter of great concern, and thus many efforts are devoted in most developed countries to the design of automatic detection systems. A fire alarm system should reliably and in a timely way notify building occupants about the presence of fire indicators, such as smoke or high temperatures. A fire detector is usually implemented as a smoke sensor due to its early fire detection capability, fast response time and relatively low cost. Other options for the fire detection are based on gas sensors or temperature sensors fire detectors that use a single sensor, generally a smoke sensor, and present high false-alarm rates due to temperature changes. In order to prevent fires from occurring or minimize their impact, accurate and early detection is essential, and automatic fire detection is becoming very essential to reduce the fire in the building and industry. Automatic fire alarm system provides real-time surveillance and monitoring. A key aspect of fire protection is to identify a developing fire emergency in a timely manner, and to alert the building's occupants and fire emergency organizations. This is the role of fire detection and alarm systems. Generally, fire detectors are designed to respond at an early stage to one more of the four major characteristics of combustion, heat, smoke, flame or gas. No single type of detector is suitable for all types of premises or fires. Heat detectors respond to the temperature rise associated with a fire and smoke detector respond to the smoke or gas generated due to fire.

Circuit Diagram:-

The overall system design for this project report encompasses a comprehensive framework that defines the structure and functionality of the system. It outlines the key components and their interconnections, ensuring a cohesive and efficient operation. The architecture incorporates various modules and subsystems, addressing specific requirements and facilitating smooth data flow. The design emphasizes scalability, reliability, and security, considering potential future enhancements. The implementation approach includes a combination of programming languages, technologies, and tools, carefully chosen to meet project objectives. Overall, the system design aims to deliver a robust and user-friendly solution, aligning with the project's goals and providing a solid foundation for successful implementation. 

This appliance system will produce the output in three different areas that are the same level with input is senses. Each level is sensed by the input which will trigger the same level of output and the status of the output and smoke-level view on the LCD panel. UNO module controller is the main part of the system where all the process flow will be controlled by this hardware accordingly to the defined programming in it. Arduino is chosen for the system as the controller. In other word it is the heart of this device system.  

Working:-

• The hardware of this case consists of Gas sensor, flame sensor, Arduino microcontroller, GSM SIM- 800C that is connected with Arduino module to control it. A fire alarm system is number of devices working together to detect and warn people through visual and audio appliances when smoke, fire, carbon monoxide or other emergencies are present. Fire and smoke that spread within a building can be affected by various factors such as the geometry, dimension, layout and usage of the building. If a detector detects smoke or heat, or someone operates a break glass unit, then alarm sounders operate to warn others in the building that there may be a fire and to abandon.

• Initially, when no fire is detected i.e., safe environment is there then at that time green LED glows and red LED remains off. Also, buzzer is not alarming, exhaust fan is in off state as well as ‘Fire Low’ message is displayed on the LCD as shown in figure 5.2

• When fire accident is detected by the sensor and at that moment red LED glows and green LED get turned off. Buzzer starts alarming and exhaust fan starts rotating till smoke is eliminated. Also, ‘Fire high’ message is displayed on the LCD which is shown in figure 5.3

fig 5.4: SMS Message from SIM 800c module

• Figure 5.4 shows when fire is detected then at that moment SMS message from SIM800C module is sent to the authority so that necessary actions could be taken at the earliest. 

Hardware Required:-

1. Arduino UNO
2. MQ-3 Smoke Sensor
3. LCD Display 16*2
4. GSM Module
5. Buzzer
6. Battery Li-Ion 
7. SPST Switch
8. Fire Sensor Module
9. Led
10. Zero PCB Board